好標題的重要性
標題可能是整份論文當中最最具有影響力的一個要素,不僅是期刊編輯和審稿者第一眼看的,更是研究員在搜索相關文獻或數據庫時,確認的第一個資訊。
因此,標題最好能夠涵蓋每一個研究的相關面向,且方便讀者閱讀。跟著以下步驟能夠幫助你想好一個完美的論文標題。
本影片涵蓋:
- 論文標題的重要性
- 構思論文標題的步驟解說
- 判斷論文標題的內容取捨
本影片適合:
★投稿的任何人
★研究員、教授和碩博士等需要論文標題命名協助的人
如何架構你的標題
Step 1: 問自己幾個關於論文的問題
這些問題像是你的研究旨在解決哪些問題和研究達成了什麼目標,或嘗試瀏覽論文的每一個部分,並找出最相關的訊息就可以自行提問。
“What is my Paper About?”
“My paper studies how program volume affects outcomes for liver transplant patients on waiting lists.”
“What methods/techniques did I use to perform my study?
“I employed a case study.”
“What or who was the subject of my study?”
“I studied 60 cases of liver transplant patients on a waiting this throughout the US aged 20-50 years.”
“What were the results?”
“My study revealed a positive correlation between wait list volume and negative prognosis of transplant procedure.”
Step 2: 從自己的答覆中找出關鍵字
-program volume -60 cases
-outcomes -US / ages 20-50
-liver transplant patients -positive correlation
-waiting lists -negative outcome
-case study – transplant procedure
-60 cases
Step 3: 使用關鍵字造句
“This study employed a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients; results indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a nega
tive prognosis after transplant procedure.”
這個句子明顯的太長了,所以你必須按照接下來的兩個步驟來縮減至適當長度。
Step 4: 將句子縮減成標題
想寫出一個完整的論文標題,必須移除任何能夠讓這個句子成為「句子」的東西,同時保留所有跟研究相關的內容。刪除掉所有不必要和重複的字或研究員在搜索時最不可能使用的字。
以下是刪掉後剩下的內容:
“This study used a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients; results indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis after transplant procedure.”
刪完之後,將剩下的東西轉化成教簡潔的單字並重新安排順序,讓它更好讀。因此就變成以下:
“A case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis.” (Word Count: 38)
現在已經很接近可以用的標題了,但一般論文的標題在16字以內,所以現在的字數還是太多。因此我們必須取捨一些單字。
Step 5: 刪除不必要的所有內容,把關鍵字移到句首跟句尾
因為實驗參與對象的適量和實際結果並非該研究最重要的部分,所以先把該部分移除:
“A case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis.” (Word Count: 19)
除此之外,在研究方法中的單字通常都不會是其他人搜索時會使用的字眼,並把額外的細節刪掉,讓標題更加簡潔。那剩下的就是:
“Assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome and prognosis in liver transplantation patients” (Word Count: 15)
刪減完的標題讓人輕易的了解研究主題與該研究的目的,同時最重要的單字也放在標題的頭跟尾。 “Assessing” :該研究的主要動作被放在標題的頭, “liver transplantation patients” 研究的特定主題被放在尾。這能夠有效幫助論文在搜索時被看到。
加上副標
如果你認為有副標的需要,你可以在標題後面加上一個冒號:
“ : a case study of US adult patients ages 20-25”
但是也不會嚴格遵守我們的建議,因為有可能是白忙一場。如果你有投稿需求,建議在投稿的時候,詳細閱讀該期刊的論文標題規定,才不會白忙一場。
標題命名的技巧
除了以上的步驟之外, 以下關於格式、字數和內容的技巧提供參考:
- Write the title after you’ve written your paper and abstract
- Include all of the essential terms in your paper
- Keep it short and to the point (~16 words or fewer)
- Avoid any jargon or abbreviations
- Use keywords that closely relate to the content of your paper
- Never include a period at the end—your title is not a sentence
我們希望以上所有的建議能在你寫標題時幫助到你!
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